TEL: +1 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com
Saltwater Redox Flow Battery Technology Report $5000 Salgenx has released its Saltwater Redox Flow Battery Technology Report, a pivotal resource that delves into the century-old technology recently validated by a $7 million US Military investment and experiments by the Pacific Northwest Laboratory. More Info
Distributor Licenses Now Available Sell the saltwater batteries in a exclusive region. Distributorships are now available and renewable annually. Each Distributorship includes the entire country exclusive.... More Info
Flow Battery Tech Comparison Chart |
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Why Salt Water may be the Future of Batteries There’s no shortage of solutions to the world’s need for renewable energy storage, but there is a shortage of accessible and cheap resources to use for those solutions. Lithium and vanadium aren't limitless, so what about regular, run-of-the-mill salt? Redox flow batteries, or RFBs, can exploit the abundance of elements like sodium and iron. One U.S. company already has salt water batteries ready to go, with at least two others developing iron flow variations built to effectively run on rust. They promise to last longer and be far cheaper than the competition. So, what happens if we go with the flow?Why Salt Water may be the Future of Batteries Vanadium Redox Flow Battery versus Salgenx Saltwater Flow Battery Comparison |
Salgenx Concept PV Power and Desalination Barge |
Infinity Turbine Radial Outflow Turbine Generator which can be used simultaneously as a heat pump |
As a simultaneous Thermal Storage Device Considered a hybrid between a standard flow battery and a thermal storage device, the battery provides simultaneous heat or cold liquid storage as well as electrical energy storage.The Cogen Battery has a variety of applications which include:-storage of thermal energy (heating or cooling) from unused thermal resources-storage of electrical power for backup power and grid strength-utility grid power rate mining opportunities to store off-peak low cost power for later use during demand (on-peak) hours-storage of thermal energy for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power production while simultaneously storing the electrical output from the turbine generator-using off-peak low cost power to make heating and cooling for later use-reducing peak demand utility rates by peak energy shaving
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Salt Water Flow Battery Tech |
Large saline or brine pools can now be used for energy storage when not in use |
Saline pool as energy storage or simultaneous Desalination Device We can extend the applications for the saltwater battery to include making recreational pools a dual use for energy storage when not in use.The saltwater battery in the ocean or brine pools can also be used to make fresh water simultaneously.NID has a remarkable energy efficiency (0.74 kWh/m3 for seawater-level NaCl) with the possibility of a high water recovery rate (maximum: 95% water recovery - source acsomega.6b00526).Using a heat pump for vapor distillation or using battery process. For SWB-D system, sodium ions are solidified on the anode and chloride ions migrate to the cathode compartment to maintain charge neutrality while partial energy used during desalination is stored in the SWB anode. Unlike LIB (Lithium Ion Battery) or SIB (Sodium Ion Battery), SWB (Seawater Battery), and SWB-D (Seawater Battery Desalination) have an open-cathode compartment. In addition, sodium super-conducting separator (NASICON) is used for SWB and SWB-D, whereas a separator is used for LIB or SIB.
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Turn Brine Pools into Batteries Salton sea.Ocean water.Oil and gas producer water.Brine remediation.Powerplant cooling tower brine pool and boiler effluent use.Reverse osmosis (RO) and ion exchange waste/reject streams.Chlor-alkali and chemical plant waste.Acid rock and mine drainage.Food preservation and manufacturing waste streams.Desalination waste from potable water creation.Farming irrigation runoff.
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Heat Pump A heat pump is almost exactly like a ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) system, which uses phase change to provide work to produce heat or cooling.In the case of a ORC system, the pressure reducing valve is replaced with an expander which mechanically rotates a electrical generator to make power.A heat pump has a high COP (Coefficient of Performance - is defined as the relationship between the power (kW) that is drawn out of the heat pump as cooling or heat, and the power (kW) that is supplied to the compressor) when compared to resistance heating.We have also been able to have a high COP with our cavitating discs in liquids that cavitate (water, CO2, and refrigerants).The advantage of a heat pump is that you can use off peak power to produce heating or cooling into a liquid, and then use that thermal resource during the on peak hours for huge cost savings. We term this utility grid price arbitrage.
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Plug and Play |
Saltwater Battery The Salgenx saltwater battery is a flow battery system, which requires two large tanks that hold fluid electrolytes. One tank is dedicated to salt water (add NaCL to water). The saltwater tank may be used for thermal storage.Fluids are circulated through electrodes, which regulate the input and output of electricity from the battery.The battery does not use a membrane, which is common on a redox flow battery.The absence of the membrane saves huge up front purchase costs, maintenance, and consumable expenses.The amount of electrolyte flowing in the electrochemical stack at any moment is rarely more than a few percent of the total amount of electrolyte present (for energy ratings corresponding to discharge at rated power for two to eight hours). Flow can easily be stopped during a fault condition. As a result, system vulnerability to uncontrolled energy release in the case of RFBs is limited by system architecture to a few percent of the total energy stored.The energy capacity is a function of the electrolyte volume and the power is a function of the surface area of the electrodes. |
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Harnessing Magnetohydrodynamic Drive in Saltwater Flow Batteries for In-Situ Flow Enhancement The world's growing energy demands and the imperative shift towards cleaner, more sustainable technologies have spurred intensive research into innovative energy storage solutions. Among these, flow batteries have gained attention for their potential to offer scalable, long-duration energy storage. One intriguing development in this realm is the incorporation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) drives into saltwater flow batteries. This integration presents a fascinating approach to enhancing in-situ flow and improving the overall efficiency of these energy storage systems. |
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Summary of Tesla Megapack Lathrop Production Facility as of November 2023 In a November 16, 2023 interview on the Randy Kirk YouTube channel, Bradford Ferguson provided an update on Tesla's Megapack manufacturing. He visited Lathrop, California, and observed the production rate of Megapacks. In March 2023, he counted about 10 Megapacks produced per day. On a recent visit, he noted an increase to 27 per day, but estimated the actual rate to be around 18-19, occasionally dropping to 10 per day. The production capacity is believed to be 27 units per day, equating to 4 GW hours.Ferguson identified the primary production limitations as the availability of batteries and power electronics, specifically silicon carbide. Power electronics are crucial for converting DC to AC power and include devices like gallium nitride FETs and power diodes. The cost of batteries in each Megapack is around $300,000, with the total price of a 3 MWh Megapack being approximately $1.9 million.The interview concluded that with the resolution of battery and power electronics supply chain issues, Tesla could adopt a rapid expansion model for Megapack factories worldwide, potentially producing between 10,000 to 20,000 units annually. At full capacity (27 units per day), the output could reach 9,855 Megapacks (30 GWh) annually, yielding $18.725 billion in revenue and $9.362 billion in net profit. |
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Aqueous Zinc Flow Battery using Pair Dancing Proton Transfer Salgenx is now investigating a ultra high rate (comparable to supercapcitors) battery combination based on recent research results from a study in China that has a 1000 C (400 A g-1) and 200,000 cycles.Our interest is specifically to try new Faradaic electrodes and cathode materials while incorporating the technology into our flow battery.The result may be a high power and long life closed loop flow battery with less weight and materials. |
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Progress and Applications of Seawater-Activated Batteries Nearly 50 percent of the world’s population lives by the sea. Of the 17 largest cities in the world, 14 are located near the coast, and they consume most of the electricity. The required electricity is transmitted from long distances, increasing costs and reducing energy efficiency. Recently, renewable energy technologies such as solar, wind, wave, and tidal energy generators have been deployed offshore and by the sea to reduce energy transmission distances. However, large-scale EES systems are necessary to provide stable electrical energy, and rechargeable seawater-activated batteries can be a better option for large amounts of electrical energy storage. It is expected that offshore and waterfront deployments of rechargeable seawater-activated batteries may be very easy, since they operate in seawater as the main battery component. (reference article below)Energy Density Chart:Vanadium 22-43 Wh/LZinc Bromine: 60-70 Wh/LSaltwater Flow Battery: 125 Wh/LLithium 90-160 Wh/kgLithium Ion: 140-160 Wh/kgMagnesium Flow Battery: 300-500 Wh/LMagnesium-Air Battery (MAB) with Nanostructured Polymeric Electrodes: 545 Wh/kgMagnesium Metal H2 Peroxide Seawater Activated Battery: 100-500 Wh/kg Progress and Applications of Seawater-Activated Batteries (link)
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Salt Water Flow Battery Levelized Cost of Storage |
Salgenx Liquid Electrode for Electrolysis |
Liquid Electrode Under development is using centrifugal adhesion and flow dynamics to contain catalyst as an alternative to plating solid, porous, or flow-through electrodes. This method is a game changer since little to no electrode manufacturing or preparation is needed. Maintenance free and easy to replace. Coded material can be time referenced for born-on and expiration or replacement date.Almost any catalyst can be used. This is perfect for just-in-time experimentation and battery manufacturing since there is no time lag if preparing electrodes from a supplier.We first used this to make a proof-of-concept to make hydrogen (H2) in water electrolysis. H2 production was actually increased using this process, compared to standard electrode and electrochemistry.
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Experimenting using liquid electrode and electrostatics to develop a process to make graphene from graphite |
Exfoliated Graphene Under development using electrochemistry as a spinoff of this flow battery is making graphene.There are many similarities and the use of sodium (Na) to exfoliate graphene from graphite.We are also experimenting with electrostatic pulling to harvest layers of graphene from graphite.Exfoliated Graphene Production Using Electrochemistry for Simultaneous Energy Storage Electro-Exfoliation of Graphite to Graphene in an Aqueous Solution of Inorganic Salt |
Salgenx Lift Pump System featuring Tesla disc pump technology for viscous fluids |
Salgenx Lift Pump System The Salgenx Lift Pump System is design to pump saltwater and viscous fluids.For the saltwater flow battery application, it has piping and fixtures which are electrolyte material compliant to resist corrosion from environmental conditions from saltwater.Each bulk liquid electrolyte tank will have a pump. Features: Each pump has a E-stop, Variable frequency Drive (variable flow depending on liquid), and sensor platform for manual and automated operation. The cart is a Infinity Caster Beam System with standard bolt-together assembly (by human or robot). The disc pump is a Patented modular block design driven by a magnetic coupling and stainless steel washdown motor. The pump is a modular bolt-together design for ease of maintenance and can be T-rack mounted for easy lift-in, lift-out servicing. The U manifold allows multi-port input/output/recirculation/services/sensor functions. The cart can easily be tipped slightly to transform into a hand cart for ease of movement through any standard door, hallway, or elevator. The unit can be mounted to any standard container. Salgenx Lift Pump System (pdf) |
Offshore wind power can be generated by wind turbines or RAID wind wall tribo effect generators and used onsite for power storage or making fresh water at sea |
Using Wind Turbine or RAID Tribo Wind Generators direct into Saltwatery Batteries Because we can use seawater as the electrolyte, offshore wind turbines and RAID tribo effect wind wall generators can store their power onsite.This on-demand onsite power storage can also be used to produce and store fresh water offshore (desalination at point of use and power production).In the future large battery bank power transfer ships and fresh water tankers can harvest the stored power and water.No need for underwater cables or pipelines for fresh water.These floating power and water islands could circle the global providing resources anywhere. Old tankers or cruise ships could be converted to power and water production facilities.
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