Saltwater Flow Battery Technology

Flow Battery Tech Comparison Chart


Why Salt Water may be the Future of Batteries

There’s no shortage of solutions to the world’s need for renewable energy storage, but there is a shortage of accessible and cheap resources to use for those solutions. Lithium and vanadium aren't limitless, so what about regular, run-of-the-mill salt? Redox flow batteries, or RFBs, can exploit the abundance of elements like sodium and iron. One U.S. company already has salt water batteries ready to go, with at least two others developing iron flow variations built to effectively run on rust. They promise to last longer and be far cheaper than the competition. So, what happens if we go with the flow?

Undecided with Matt Ferrell

Why Salt Water may be the Future of Batteries

Vanadium Redox Flow Battery versus Salgenx Saltwater Flow Battery Comparison


Salgenx Concept PV Power and Desalination Barge


Infinity Turbine Radial Outflow Turbine Generator which can be used simultaneously as a heat pump

As a simultaneous Thermal Storage Device

Considered a hybrid between a standard flow battery and a thermal storage device, the battery provides simultaneous heat or cold liquid storage as well as electrical energy storage.

The Cogen Battery has a variety of applications which include:

-storage of thermal energy (heating or cooling) from unused thermal resources

-storage of electrical power for backup power and grid strength

-utility grid power rate mining opportunities to store off-peak low cost power for later use during demand (on-peak) hours

-storage of thermal energy for Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power production while simultaneously storing the electrical output from the turbine generator

-using off-peak low cost power to make heating and cooling for later use

-reducing peak demand utility rates by peak energy shaving

Cavgenx HVAC Turbine TESS


Turn Brine Pools into Batteries

Salton sea.

Ocean water.

Oil and gas producer water.

Brine remediation.

Powerplant cooling tower brine pool and boiler effluent use.

Reverse osmosis (RO) and ion exchange waste/reject streams.

Chlor-alkali and chemical plant waste.

Acid rock and mine drainage.

Food preservation and manufacturing waste streams.

Desalination waste from potable water creation.

Farming irrigation runoff.


Heat Pump

A heat pump is almost exactly like a ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) system, which uses phase change to provide work to produce heat or cooling.

In the case of a ORC system, the pressure reducing valve is replaced with an expander which mechanically rotates a electrical generator to make power.

A heat pump has a high COP (Coefficient of Performance - is defined as the relationship between the power (kW) that is drawn out of the heat pump as cooling or heat, and the power (kW) that is supplied to the compressor) when compared to resistance heating.

We have also been able to have a high COP with our cavitating discs in liquids that cavitate (water, CO2, and refrigerants).

The advantage of a heat pump is that you can use off peak power to produce heating or cooling into a liquid, and then use that thermal resource during the on peak hours for huge cost savings. We term this utility grid price arbitrage.


Plug and Play

Saltwater Battery

The Salgenx saltwater battery is a flow battery system, which requires two large tanks that hold fluid electrolytes. One tank is dedicated to salt water (add NaCL to water). The saltwater tank may be used for thermal storage.

Fluids are circulated through electrodes, which regulate the input and output of electricity from the battery.

The battery does not use a membrane, which is common on a redox flow battery.

The absence of the membrane saves huge up front purchase costs, maintenance, and consumable expenses.

The amount of electrolyte flowing in the electrochemical stack at any moment is rarely more than a few percent of the total amount of electrolyte present (for energy ratings corresponding to discharge at rated power for two to eight hours). Flow can easily be stopped during a fault condition. As a result, system vulnerability to uncontrolled energy release in the case of RFBs is limited by system architecture to a few percent of the total energy stored.

The energy capacity is a function of the electrolyte volume and the power is a function of the surface area of the electrodes.


Plug and Play. NACS EV charging port available and Power Beaming.

How it Works

• Flow battery system which requires two large tanks that hold fluid electrolytes. One tank is dedicated to saltwater (just add NaCl to water). The saltwater tank may be used for thermal storage. The other tank is a liquid to store the separated NaCl.

• Fluids are circulated through electrodes, which regulate the input and output of electricity from the battery. The Sodium (Na) is stored in the cathode materials.

• No membrane. Electrolytes automatically separate. No membrane saves huge up-front purchase costs, maintenance, and consumable expenses.

• Flow battery uses liquids (hence flow) so it takes 4-6 hours to charge or discharge. \

• NaCl is split and stored separately, the energy can be stored for weeks or longer, unlike other flow systems.

Food Production

Resort Power Storage Solutions

Topics


Summary of Tesla Megapack Lathrop Production Facility as of November 2023

In a November 16, 2023 interview on the Randy Kirk YouTube channel, Bradford Ferguson provided an update on Tesla's Megapack manufacturing. He visited Lathrop, California, and observed the production rate of Megapacks. In March 2023, he counted about 10 Megapacks produced per day. On a recent visit, he noted an increase to 27 per day, but estimated the actual rate to be around 18-19, occasionally dropping to 10 per day. The production capacity is believed to be 27 units per day, equating to 4 GW hours.

Ferguson identified the primary production limitations as the availability of batteries and power electronics, specifically silicon carbide. Power electronics are crucial for converting DC to AC power and include devices like gallium nitride FETs and power diodes. The cost of batteries in each Megapack is around $300,000, with the total price of a 3 MWh Megapack being approximately $1.9 million.

The interview concluded that with the resolution of battery and power electronics supply chain issues, Tesla could adopt a rapid expansion model for Megapack factories worldwide, potentially producing between 10,000 to 20,000 units annually. At full capacity (27 units per day), the output could reach 9,855 Megapacks (30 GWh) annually, yielding $18.725 billion in revenue and $9.362 billion in net profit.

Keep Reading…

Telsa Megpack Website

Introducing Megapack: Utility-Scale Energy Storage


Salgenx Lift Pump System featuring Tesla disc pump technology for viscous fluids

Salgenx Lift Pump System

The Salgenx Lift Pump System is design to pump saltwater and viscous fluids.

For the saltwater flow battery application, it has piping and fixtures which are electrolyte material compliant to resist corrosion from environmental conditions from saltwater.

Each bulk liquid electrolyte tank will have a pump.

Features: Each pump has a E-stop, Variable frequency Drive (variable flow depending on liquid), and sensor platform for manual and automated operation. The cart is a Infinity Caster Beam System with standard bolt-together assembly (by human or robot). The disc pump is a Patented modular block design driven by a magnetic coupling and stainless steel washdown motor. The pump is a modular bolt-together design for ease of maintenance and can be T-rack mounted for easy lift-in, lift-out servicing. The U manifold allows multi-port input/output/recirculation/services/sensor functions. The cart can easily be tipped slightly to transform into a hand cart for ease of movement through any standard door, hallway, or elevator. The unit can be mounted to any standard container.

Lift Pump Product Information


Offshore wind power can be generated by wind turbines or RAID wind wall tribo effect generators and used onsite for power storage or making fresh water at sea

Using Wind Turbine or RAID Tribo Wind Generators direct into Saltwatery Batteries

Because we can use seawater as the electrolyte, offshore wind turbines and RAID tribo effect wind wall generators can store their power onsite.

This on-demand onsite power storage can also be used to produce and store fresh water offshore (desalination at point of use and power production).

In the future large battery bank power transfer ships and fresh water tankers can harvest the stored power and water.

No need for underwater cables or pipelines for fresh water.

These floating power and water islands could circle the global providing resources anywhere. Old tankers or cruise ships could be converted to power and water production facilities.


TEL: 1-608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com

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