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Batteries 2022, 8, 157 10 of 26 1 M NaPF6 in diglyme + 0.033 M Na2S6 1 M NaTFSI/FEC + 0.75% NaAsF6 1 M NaClO4/EC/PC + 50 mM SnCl2 2M NaFSI/DME/FEPE(1:1 molar ratio) + 1% SbF3 1 M NaClO4/EC/PC + 1% SbF3 0.8 M LiPF6/DME + 1 M NaPF6/DME 1 M NaOTf/DME + 0.01 M KTFSI 1 M NaClO4/EC/PC + 0.5 mM C60(NO2)6 1 M NaPF6/DME + 0.1 wt% C60(CF3)6 1 M NaPF6/EC/PC + 2 wt% TMTD 1 M NaPF6 in diglyme + 5 mM CTAB 1 M NaPF6/FEC/PC/HFE + PFMP 0.3 M NaPF6/EC/PC + 2 wt% BSTFA 0.8 M NaPF6/TEP/FEC + 5 wt% DTD 4 M NaFSI/DME 5 M NaFSI/DME 2.1 M NaFSI/DME/BTFE(1:2 v/v) 2 M NaFSI/DME/TTE S@621@1 [76] Na3V2(PO4)3@~102@1 [85] Na3V2(PO4)3@101@10 [74] Na3V2(PO4)3@105@10 [51] Na3V2(PO4)3@80@40 [72] LiFePO4@62.4@20 [34] / [66] 500@0.5 99.4%@200@5 Na3V2(PO4)3/C@95.9@5 [86] 1200@2 99.6%@780@1 Na3V2(PO4)3/C@108@10 [87] 400@2 350@0.5 500@0.5 1200@0.5 99%@500@0.5 97%@400@0.1 / 99%@20@1 1000@0.5 150@0.5 99.2%@100@0.2 2700@1 99.5%@300@0.5 / / Prussian blue@70@10 [63] C/S@640@0.5 [88] 1100@0.5 94.2%@100@0.5 Na3V2(PO4)2O2F@113@2 [78] 1600@0.25 500@3 / 350@0.5 1300@0.5 / 600@0.0028 950@2 1170@0.2 / 93.4%@250@@0.5 99%@300@@0.5 99.3%@120@0.056 98.98%@400@1 / Na3V2(PO4)3@105@40 [73] Prussian blue@78.8@10 [89] Na3V2(PO4)3 @~100@0.2 [67] Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7)@109.4@0.5 [90] Na3V2(PO4)3@92@10 [91] Na3V2(PO4)3 @101.5@40 [50] 3. Polymer Electrolytes for Na Metal Anodes In the Na metal anodes, the non‐uniform Na metal deposition results in the formation of Na dendrite. With the continuous growth of Na dendrites, the separator eventually was pierced, which led to the short circuit of the NIBs and caused serious safety hazards. The previous liquid electrolyte optimization could effectively inhibit the growth of the Na dendrite. However, it was still difficult to ensure the inhibition of the Na dendrite in the manufacturing process. To prevent the piercing of the Na dendrite triggering the short circuit in NMBs, developing solid‐state NMBs became a candidate species due to the high thermal stability of inorganic solid‐state electrolytes and the toleration of higher potential. Additionally, due to the reduction of liquid electrolytes, the packaging for solid‐state NMBs would be simplified, resulting in a decrease in dead weight in battery packaging. In solid‐state electrolytes, polymer electrolytes were the most common choice [92‐ 95]. Inspiring the polymer electrolytes from the Li metal anode, several polymer electro‐ lytes were designed for the Na metal anode. Zheng et al. firstly developed Na‐containing hybrid network solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for NMBs [96]. The SPEs were synthe‐ sized by crosslinking of octakis(3‐glycidy‐loxypropyldimethylsiloxy) octasilsesquioxane and amine‐terminated polyethylene glycol with NaClO4 (POSS‐4PEG2K). Figure 4a shows a photograph of a hybrid crosslinked SPE membrane and the transparent and easy handle of the membrane could be observed. After optimization, they found that this typePDF Image | Electrolyte Engineering for Sodium Metal Batteries
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Product and Development Focus for Salgenx
Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)