PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 010
Nanomaterials 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW Nanomaterials 2022, 12, x FOR PEER REVIEW Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 1859 10 of 14 3.4. Conductivity DC conductivity was extracted from the DC plateau of the frequency vs. conductivity 3.4. Conductivity DC conductivity was extracted from the DC plateau of the frequency vs. conductivity plots obtained from BDS measurements. The DC conductivities for the samples at the tem- 10 of 14 10 of 13 3.4. Conductivity plots obtained from BDS measurements. The DC conductivities for the samples at the tem- DC conductivity was extracted from the DC plateau of the frequency vs. conductivity perature 0 °C are not extracted (except PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 10:1)) due to peloratstuorbeta0in°CedarfreonmotBeDxtSramcteadsu(erexmceepnttPs.EGTh8e00D0CBc2/oLniTdFuScItimviitxietsurfeor(EthOe:Lsia1m0p:1l)e)sdautethtoe the considerab◦le overlap of electrode polarization with the DC plateau. PEG 1500 UPy2 theme cpoenrasitduerera0bleCoavrernlaopt eoxftrealecctetrdo(deexcpeopltarPiEzaGti8o0n0w0 Bith/tLhieTFDSCI mpilxatueareu.(EPOE:GLi1150:01)U) dPuye2 −5 mixed with LiTFSI showed conductivities up to 2.8 × 10−5 S/cm at 80 °C (Figure 9a). The mtoixtheedcwonitshidLeirTaFbSleIoshvoerwlaepdocfoenldecutcrtoidvietipeosluarpiztaoti2o.n8w×i1t0hthSe/cDmCaptl8a0te°aCu.(FPiEgGur1e590a0)U.TPhye 2 same sample with additional nanofillers (composition 4−a5nd 7) also exh◦ ibits conductivity smamixedsawmitphleLiwTiFtShIasdhdoiwtieodnaclonadnuocftilvleitrises(cuopmtpoo2s.i8ti×on140 andS/7c)malasot 8e0xhCibi(tFsigcuonred9uac)t.ivTihtye −5 in a similar range. NP-OH addition led to conductivity up to 1.7 × 10−5 S/cm at 80 °C, while isnamaseimsaimlaprlreanwgieth.NadPd-OitHionaadldnitainoonfilelldertso(conmdpuocstivtiiotynu4pantod17.7)a×l1so0exSh/cimbitastc8o0n°dCu,cwtihvitley addition of the surface modified NPs (NP-IL) led to slightly increased−c5onductivities◦of ainddaistiomniloafr trhaengsue.rfNacPe–OmHodaifdiedditiNonPsle(dNtPo-IcLo)nldeudctoivsitliyghutplytoin1c.r7e×ase1d0 conS/dcumctiavtit8ie0s oCf, −5 up to 3.2 × 10−5 S/cm at 80 °C. This indicates that modification of the surface with the ionic uwphitloe3a.d2d×it1io0n So/fctmheastu8r0fa°cCe.mThodisifiinedicNaPtess(tNhPat–ImLo)dleidfictaotisolinghotflythiencsruerafsaecde wcointhduthcetivioitnieics groups may posi−ti5vely influenc◦e the conductivity of such composite electrolytes. gorfouptsom3a.2y×po1s0itiveSl/ycimnfalute8n0ceCth. Tehciosnidnudcictiavteitsytohfatsumcohdciofimcaptiosniteofetlehcetrsoulryftaecse. with the ionic groups may positively influence the conductivity of such composite electrolytes. 2 (a) (a) (b) (c) (b) (c) Figure 9. Frequency dependent ionic conductivity of (a) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li Figure 9. Frequency dependent ionic conductivity of (a) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li Figure 9. Frequency dependent ionic conductivity of (a) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 5:1)(1); 5:1)(1); (b) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP−IL (4); (c) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI 5:1)(1); (b) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP−IL (4); (c) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI (b) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP–IL (4); (c) PEG 1500 UPy/LiTFSI (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP−OH (7). (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP−OH (7). (EO/Li 5:1) mixed with 15 wt% NP–OH (7). Similarly, conductivities of the PEG 8000 B2 samples were obtained (Figure 10). PEG Similarly, conductivities of the PEG 8000 B2 samples were obtained (Figure 10). PEG Similarly, conductivities of the PEG 8000 B2 samples were obtained (Figure 10). PEG 8000 B2 was mixed with different ration of LiTFSI, where samples 8, 9 and 10 now showed 8000 B2 was mixed with different ration of LiTFSI, where samples 8, 9 and 10 now showed 8000 B2 was mixed with different ration of LiTFSI, where samples 8, 9 and 10 now showed −3 conductivities up to 10−3 S/cm at 80 °C. The conductivity of sample 8 (EO:Li 5:1) at 80 °C conductivities up to 10−3S/cm at 80 °C◦ . The conductivity of sample 8 (EO:Li 5:1) at 80 °◦C conductivities up to 10 S/cm at 80 C. The conductivity of sample 8 (EO:Li 5:1) at 80 C is slightly reduced compared to samples 9 and 10, which can be due to the formation of is slightly reduced compared to samples 9 and 10, which can be due to the formation of is slightly reduced compared to samples 9 and 10, which can be due to the formation of ion aggregates in sample with higher concentration of salts and reduction of mobility of ion aggregates in sample with higher concentration of salts and reduction of mobility of ion aggregates in sample with higher concentration of salts and reduction of mobility of charged units [42]. charged units [42]. charged units [42]. (a) (a) (b) (c) (b) (c) Figure 10. Frequency dependent ionic conductivity of (a) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 5:1) Figure 10. Frequencydeepeennddeennttioionnicicocnodnudcutcivtiivtyityofo(fa)(aP)EPGE8G00800B0/BL2/iTLFiTSFISmIimxtiuxrteu(rEeO(E:LOi:5L:1i)5(:81); (8); (b) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 10:1) (9); (c) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 20:1) (10). (8); (b) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 10:1) (9); (c) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 20:1) (10). (b) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 10:1) (9); (c) PEG 8000 B2/LiTFSI mixture (EO:Li 20:1) (10). 3.5. 3D Printing of Nanocomposites 3.5. 3D Printing of Nanocomposites 3D printing was performed using fused deposition modeling (FDM) on a glass slide 3D printing was performed using fused deposition modeling (FDM) on a glass slide under ambient laboratory condition. Theprriintterrwasseequiippedwiitthtteempeerraatturreecconttrroll-- under ambient laboratory condition. The printer was equipped with temperature control- lable storage tank and printing nozzle having needle (0.33 mm) attached. Sample 7 was lable storage tank and printing nozzle having needle (0.33 mm) attached. Sample 7 was dried in the vacuum at 90 ◦C for 48 h prior the experiment. During the FDM process, the 2PDF Image | 3D Printable Composite Polymer Electrolytes
PDF Search Title:
3D Printable Composite Polymer ElectrolytesOriginal File Name Searched:
nanomaterials-12-01859-v2.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Salgenx
Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)