PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 010
ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2 6. Xiong, P. et al. Two-dimensional unilamellar cation-deficient metal oxide nanosheet superlattices for high-rate sodium ion energy storage. ACS Nano 12, 12337–12346 (2018). 7. Roth, E. P. & Orendorff, C. J. How electrolytes influence battery safety. Electrochem. Soc. Interface 21, 45–49 (2012). 8. Finegan, D. P. et al. In-operando high-speed tomography of lithium-ion batteries during thermal runaway. Nat. Commun. 6, 6924 (2015). 9. Chen, Z. et al. Fast and reversible thermoresponsive polymer switching materials for safer batteries. Nat. Energy 1, 15009 (2016). 10. Liu, K. et al. Electrospun core-shell microfiber separator with thermal- triggered flame-retardant properties for lithium-ion batteries. Sci. Adv. 3, e1601978 (2017). 11. Li, S. L. et al. A poly(3-decyl thiophene)-modified separator with self-actuating overcharge protection mechanism for LiFePO4-based lithium ion battery. J. Power Sources 196, 7021–7024 (2011). 12. Streipert, B. et al. Evaluation of allylboronic acid pinacol ester as effective shutdown overcharge additive for lithium ion cells. J. Electrochem. Soc. 164, A168–A172 (2017). 13. Fan, X. et al. Non-flammable electrolyte enables Li-metal batteries with aggressive cathode chemistries. Nat. Nanotechnol. 13, 715–722 (2018). 14. Zeng, Z. et al. Non-flammable electrolytes with high salt-to-solvent ratios for Li-ion and Li-metal batteries. Nat. Energy 3, 674–681 (2018). 15. Wang, J. et al. Fire-extinguishing organic electrolytes for safe batteries. Nat. Energy 3, 22–29 (2018). 16. Yang, Q. et al. Ionic liquids and derived materials for lithium and sodium batteries. Chem. Soc. Rev. 47, 2020–2064 (2018). 17. Webber, A. & Blomgren, G. E. in Advances in Lithium-Ion Batteries (eds Walter, A, van Schalkwijk & Scrosati, B.) Ch. 6 (Springer, US, 2002). 18. Giffin, G. A. Ionic liquid-based electrolytes for “beyond lithium” battery technologies. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 13378–13389 (2016). 19. Pickup, P. G. & Osteryoung, R. A. Charging and discharging rate studies of polypyrrole films in AlCl3: 1-methyl-(3-ethyl)-imidazolium chloride molten salts and in CH3CN. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 195, 271–288 (1985). 20. Lin, M.-C. et al. An ultrafast rechargeable aluminium-ion battery. Nature 520, 324 (2015). 21. Jayaprakash, N., Das, S. K. & Archer, L. A. The rechargeable aluminum-ion battery. Chem. Commun. 47, 12610–12612 (2011). 22. Melton, T. J., Joyce, J., Maloy, J. T., Boon, J. A. & Wilkes, J. S. Electrochemical studies of sodium chloride as a lewis buffer for room temperature chloroaluminate molten salts. J. Electrochem. Soc. 137, 3865–3869 (1990). 23. Gray, G. E., Kohl, P. A. & Winnick, J. Stability of sodium electrodeposited from a room temperature chloroaluminate molten salt. J. Electrochem. Soc. 142, 3636–3642 (1995). 24. Riechel, T. L. & Wilkes, J. S. Reversible plating and stripping of sodium at inert electrodes in room temperature chloroaluminate molten salts. J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 977–981 (1992). 25. Riechel, T. L., Miedler, M. J. & Schumacher, E. R. Studies of the cathodic limit of proton-modified room temperature chloroaluminate molten salt electrolytes. Electrochem. Soc. Proc. Vol. 94–13, 491–497 (1994). 26. Piersma, B. J., Ryan, D. M., Schumacher, E. R. & Riechel, T. L. Electrodeposition and stripping of lithium and sodium on inert electrodes in room temperature chloroaluminate molten salts. J. Electrochem. Soc. 143, 908–913 (1996). 27. Fuller, J., Osteryoung, R. A. & Carlin, R. T. Rechargeable lithium and sodium anodes in chloroaluminate molten salts containing thionyl chloride. J. Electrochem. Soc. 142, 3632–3636 (1995). 28. Zawodzinski, T. A., Carlin, R. T. & Osteryoung, R. A. Removal of protons from ambient-temperature chloroaluminate ionic liquids. Anal. Chem. 59, 2639–2640 (1987). 29. Wongittharom, N., Wang, C.-H., Wang, Y.-C., Yang, C.-H. & Chang, J.-K. Ionic liquid electrolytes with various sodium solutes for rechargeable na/ nafepo4 batteries operated at elevated temperatures. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6, 17564–17570 (2014). 30. Wang, C.-H. et al. Rechargeable Na/Na0.44MnO2 cells with ionic liquid electrolytes containing various sodium solutes. J. Power Sources 274, 1016–1023 (2015). 31. Hasa, I., Passerini, S. & Hassoun, J. Characteristics of an ionic liquid electrolyte for sodium-ion batteries. J. Power Sources 303, 203–207 (2016). 32. Ding, C. et al. NaFSA-C1C3pyrFSA ionic liquids for sodium secondary battery operating over a wide temperature range. J. Power Sources 238, 296–300 (2013). 33. Ponrouch, A., Marchante, E., Courty, M., Tarascon, J.-M. & Palacín, M. R. In search of an optimized electrolyte for Na-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 5, 8572–8583 (2012). 34. Doyle, K. P., Lang, C. M., Kim, K. & Kohl, P. A. Dentrite-free electrochemical deposition of Li-Na alloys from an ionic liquid electrolyte. J. Electrochem. Soc. 153, A1353–A1357 (2006). 35. Matsumoto, K., Taniki, R., Nohira, T. & Hagiwara, R. Inorganic–organic hybrid ionic liquid electrolytes for Na secondary batteries. J. Electrochem. Soc. 162, A1409–A1414 (2015). 36. Mohd Noor, S. A., Howlett, P. C., MacFarlane, D. R. & Forsyth, M. Properties of sodium-based ionic liquid electrolytes for sodium secondary battery applications. Electrochim. Acta 114, 766–771 (2013). 37. Xu, Y. et al. Layer-by-Layer Na3V2(PO4)3 embedded in reduced graphene oxide as superior rate and ultralong-life sodium-ion battery cathode. Adv. Energy Mater. 6, 1600389 (2016). 38. Zhang, J. et al. Graphene-scaffolded Na3V2(PO4)3 microsphere cathode with high rate capability and cycling stability for sodium ion batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9, 7177–7184 (2017). 39. Cai, Y. et al. Caging Na3V2(PO4)2F3 microcubes in cross-linked graphene enabling ultrafast sodium storage and long-term cycling. Adv. Sci. 5, 1800680 (2018). 40. Qi, Y., Zhao, J., Yang, C., Liu, H. & Hu, Y.-S. Comprehensive studies on the hydrothermal strategy for the synthesis of Na3(VO1−xPO4)2F1+2x (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) and their Na-storage performance. Small Methods 0, 1800111 (2018). 41. Chagas, L. G., Buchholz, D., Wu, L., Vortmann, B. & Passerini, S. Unexpected performance of layered sodium-ion cathode material in ionic liquid-based electrolyte. J. Power Sources 247, 377–383 (2014). 42. Wang, H. & Dai, H. Strongly coupled inorganic-nano-carbon hybrid materials for energy storage. Chem. Soc. Rev. 42, 3088–3113 (2013). 43. Liang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, H. & Dai, H. Strongly coupled inorganic/nanocarbon hybrid materials for advanced electrocatalysis. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 2013–2036 (2013). 44. Winter, M., Barnett, B. & Xu, K. Before Li Ion batteries. Chem. Rev. 118, 11433–11456 (2018). 45. Cheng, X.-B., Zhang, R., Zhao, C.-Z. & Zhang, Q. Toward safe lithium metal anode in rechargeable batteries: a review. Chem. Rev. 117, 10403–10473 (2017). 46. Manthiram, A., Yu, X. & Wang, S. Lithium battery chemistries enabled by solid-state electrolytes. Nat. Rev. Mater. 2, 16103 (2017). 47. Budi, A. et al. Study of the initial stage of solid electrolyte interphase formation upon chemical reaction of lithium metal and N-methyl-N-propyl- pyrrolidinium-bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide. J. Phys. Chem. C. 116, 19789–19797 (2012). 48. Shkrob, I. A., Marin, T. W., Zhu, Y. & Abraham, D. P. Why Bis (fluorosulfonyl)imide Is a “Magic Anion” for electrochemistry. J. Phys. Chem. C. 118, 19661–19671 (2014). 49. Philippe, B. et al. Improved performances of nanosilicon electrodes using the salt LiFSI: a photoelectron spectroscopy study. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 135, 9829–9842 (2013). 50. Eshetu, G. G. et al. In-depth interfacial chemistry and reactivity focused investigation of lithium–imide- and lithium–imidazole-based electrolytes. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8, 16087–16100 (2016). 51. Li, Y. et al. Atomic structure of sensitive battery materials and interfaces revealed by cryo-electron microscopy. Science 358, 506 (2017). 52. Zachman, M. J., Tu, Z., Choudhury, S., Archer, L. A. & Kourkoutis, L. F. Cryo- STEM mapping of solid-liquid interfaces and dendrites in lithium-metal batteries. Nature 560, 345–349 (2018). 53. Barthen, P., Frank, W. & Ignatiev, N. Development of low viscous ionic liquids: the dependence of the viscosity on the mass of the ions. Ionics 21, 149–159 (2015). 54. Sun, H. et al. Large-area supercapacitor textiles with novel hierarchical conducting structures. Adv. Mater. 28, 8431–8438 (2016). 55. He, G. & Nazar, L. F. Crystallite size control of prussian white analogues for nonaqueous potassium-ion batteries. ACS Energy Lett. 2, 1122–1127 (2017). Acknowledgements Part of this work was supported by the Stanford Bits and Watts Program and gift funds. Part of this work was performed at the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF), sup- ported by the National Science Foundation under award ECCS-1542152. Author contributions H.S. and H.D. conceived the idea for the project. H.S., X.X., Y.M. and Y.K. prepared Na3V2(PO4)3@reduced graphene oxide and Na3V2(PO4)2F3@reduced graphene oxide. H. S., and X.X. performed electrochemical experiments. H.S., G.Z. and M.A. conducted Raman spectroscopy measurements. G.Z. and H.S. performed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements. H.S., Y.-Y.L., W.H. and M.L. performed and analyzed focused ion beam, scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray diffraction measurements. J.L. and H.S. performed the inductively coupled plasma measurement. M.G., Y.Z. and H.S. performed cryogenic transmission electron microscope and scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements. M.-C.L. performed the ionic conductivity measurements. H.D. supervised the project. H.S., H.P. and H.D. prepared the manuscript. All authors participated in experimental data analysis and result discussion. 10 NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2019)10:3302 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11102-2 | www.nature.com/naturecommunicationsPDF Image | sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyte
PDF Search Title:
sodium metal battery based on an ionic liquid electrolyteOriginal File Name Searched:
s41467-019-11102-2.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Salgenx
Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com | RSS | AMP |