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Soedibyo, Feby Agung Pamuji, Sjamsjul Anam, Mochamad Ashari and Mohamad Ridwan 3. PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION BASED MPPT FOR SEA WATER BATTERY In Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) was firstly proposed by J. Kennedy and C. Eberhart in 1995 [9]. PSO is one of artificial algorithms which is inspired by individual interactions in a group of animals, such as swarm of birds, school of fish, etc. PSO has proven successfully to optimize various mathematical functions, so it interests many researchers to develop especially in engineering. Particles in PSO represent the possible solutions. In this study, the output of PSO is set a duty cycle of MPPT circuit. It is used to set so that the power supplied by seawater battery is able to be transferred optimally to the load. The particles are represented as 𝑋𝑖 = (𝑋𝑖1, 𝑋𝑖2, 𝑋𝑖3, ... , 𝑋𝑖𝐷). Of those particles, it is chosen the best particle, called, pbest, which is recorded and represented as𝑃 = (𝑝 , 𝑝 , 𝑝 , ... , 𝑝 ). Then, among pbest values, it is obtained 𝑖 𝑖1 𝑖2 𝑖3 𝑖𝐷 a global best value, gbest. The position and the velocity of the particles are updated in every iteration using eq. 10 and 11 respectively. 𝑣𝑛+1 =𝑤𝑣𝑛 +𝑐 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑()(𝑝𝑛 −𝑥𝑛)+𝑐 𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑑()(𝑝𝑛 −𝑥𝑛) (10) 𝑖𝑖1𝑖𝑖2𝑔𝑖 𝑥𝑛+1 = 𝑥𝑛 + 𝑣𝑛+1 (11) 𝑖𝑖𝑖 In every updating the particles, there needs random value between 0 and 1, which is obtained by a function rand(). c1 and c2 are constant parameters, while w is an inertia weight. 𝑣𝑛 and 𝑥𝑛 are velocity and position of a ith particle respectively. The complete flowchart of 𝑖𝑖 PSO algorithm can be seen in fig. 5. Figure 5 Complete flowchart of PSO algorithm http://iaeme.com/Home/journal/IJMET 812 editor@iaeme.comPDF Image | SEAWATER BATTERY APPLICATION FOR SAILING BOAT
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Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)