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( _____ grams of NaCl ) X 100 = 10% NaCl solution _____ grams of NaCl + _____ grams of water (One correct ratio is 10 grams of NaCl and 90 grams of water) Connecttheelectrodestothe+and-terminalsofa9-voltbattery.Placetheotherendsofthe electrodes in the 10% salt solution. See diagram below. Gas bubbles will appear on the immersed electrodes. Whattoexpect: • As the electricity from the battery passes through and between the electrodes, the water splits into hydrogen and chlorine gas, which collect as very tiny bubbles around the electrode tips. • Hydrogen collects around the cathode and chlorine gas collects around the anode. • How can you get chlorine from H2O? Sometimes in experiments, a secondary reaction takes place. This is what happens in this experiment. • Oxygen is not given off in this experiment. That's because the oxygen atoms from the water combine in the liquid with the salt to form hydroxyl ions. Salt's chemical formula is NaCl - sodium chloride. The chorine gas is from the chloride in the salt. The oxygen in the hydroxyl ions stay in the solution. So what is released in this reaction is not oxygen but is chlorine gas that collects around the electrode tip. • In real electrolysis systems, a different solution is used and higher levels of electricity help to split the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen without this secondary reaction. OPTIONAL:Ifyouhaveanampmeterthatcanbesettothemicroampscale,youcanbeginwith pure distilled water and gradually add salt to the liquid. As you add more salt to the solution, movement of the needle will indicate increased current flow. The conductivity of a solution is proportional to the concentration of ions in the solution. Askthestudents:"Whichionswillmovetowardsthecathode?"(Cations,positivelychargedions such as Na+ and H+, will move towards the negatively charged cathode.) "Which ions will move towards the anode?" (Anions, negatively charged ions such as Cl- and OH-, will move towards the positively charged anode.) Have the students draw a diagram of the experiment set-up (i.e., similar to figure in the "Background" section). On their diagram, indicate which ions are located near the cathode and the anode. Asagroup,discussthecompositionofthegasesthatappearatthecathodeandtheanode.If needed, write the following ionic equations for the electrolysis of NaCl solution on the board: o o o o o 2Cl- => Cl2 + 2e-PDF Image | ELECTROLYSIS OF SALT WATER
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Product and Development Focus for Salgenx
Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com | RSS | AMP |