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The seawater battery system employs multilayer electrolytes consisting of non-aqueous (anolyte) and aqueous (seawater catholyte) electrolytes and a ceramic electrolyte (NASICON) between them. Such a structural feature of the cell requires a new type of cell platform and a testing environment other than a typical 2032 coin-type cell. Previously, we have reported a comparative study between sodium, beta-alumina (Na, β”-Al2O3), and Na3Zr2Si2PO12 as the Na+ ion conducting solid electrolyte for seawater batteries 37. We also investigated non-aqueous electrolytes at the anode side such as ether-based or ionic liquid electrolytes 43, 76, as well as negative electrodes to replace the Na metal, and hence to achieve Na metal-free seawater batteries 36, 76, 79. It was found that the cell design, the choice of the component material, and its engineering could affect the cell performance of the materials being investigated as potential electrodes and electrolytes. Hence, it is essential to have the normalized cell and its standard testing condition so that the potential chemicals can be easily tested and their results can be compared to those obtained in the other labs. This will greatly contribute to the further development of seawater batteries by providing many choices of key materials. For example, the great success of the Li-ion battery technology also started with developing a coin-type cell design that allowed researchers to investigate and discover its key electrode and electrolyte materials. In this work, we show the importance of cell components in seawater batteries and the optimized cell performance by engineering them and highlighting the significance of the cell design and component engineering. The effect of wettability of the cathode current collector was investigated. As a low-cost, highly conductive cathode current collector, a commercially available carbon fiber felt was selected and the surface wettability was examined to improve the charge-discharge behaviors. In addition, the flow effect of the seawater catholyte was studied by conducting a comparison test of flow ON/OFF states. Furthermore, we proved the sluggish kinetics of the OER/ORR on the cathode current collector in seawater, which induces major kinetic limitations during the charge and discharge processes of seawater batteries, by comparing a seawater cell with a fast Na-ion-intercalating electrode material. To improve the cathode reaction kinetics, we employed several electrocatalysts facilitating the OER/ORR, highlighting significance of the role of the cathode current collector in achieving low-cost, high-performance seawater batteries. 33PDF Image | China solar seawater battery
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Product and Development Focus for Salgenx
Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our flow battery manufacturing.CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@salgenx.com (Standard Web Page)