Page | 005 INTRODUCTION
Fisher Engineering, Inc. (FEI) performed a fire protection engineering (FPE) analysis of Tesla’s new suite of battery energy storage systems (BESS), known as the Megapack 2 (MP2) and Megapack 2XL (MP2XL). The MP2 and MP2XL (MP2/2XL) are lithium-ion BESS with a storage capacity between approximately one and four megawatt hours (MWh). Their design, construction, and operation are substantially similar, and they are meant for outdoor installations, mounted to the ground, in commercial and industrial applications. This FPE analysis included a review of the MP2/2XL, its construction, design, fire safety features, UL 9540A cell, module and unit level test data, additional internal unit level fire tests and fire propagation modeling. This narrative has been prepared by FEI and summarizes our analysis. It is intended to be used as a tool for a project designer, installer, fire code official (FCO) or an authority having jurisdiction (AHJ) to assist in their design, installation, or review of a MP2/2XL installation.
Applicable Codes, Standards and Test Methods
The following codes and standards have been applied to this analysis:
• 2021 International Fire Code® (IFC).
• 2021 NFPA 1, Fire Code (NFPA 1).
• 2023 NFPA 855, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Energy Storage Systems
(NFPA 855).
• 2018 NFPA 68, Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting (NFPA 68).
• 2019 NFPA 69, Standard on Explosion Prevention Systems (NFPA 69).
• IEC 60529, Degrees of Protection Provided by Enclosures, 2.2 Edition, January 2019 (IP
Code).
• IEC 62619, Secondary cells and batteries containing alkaline or other non-acid electrolytes
– Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial
applications, Edition 1.0, 2017 (IEC 62619).
• IEC 62933-5-2, Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-2: Safety requirements for
grid-integrated EES systems - Electrochemical-based systems, April 15, 2020 (IEC 62933-
5-2).
• UL 1642, Lithium Batteries, Edition 6, September 29, 2020 (UL 1642).
• UL 1973, Standard for Batteries for Use in Stationary, Vehicle Auxiliary Power and Light
Electric Rail (LER) Applications, Edition 2, February 7, 2018 (UL 1973).
• UL 9540, Standard for Safety of Energy Storage Systems and Equipment, Edition 2,
February 27, 2020 (UL 9540).
• UL 9540A, Test Method for Evaluating Thermal Runaway Fire Propagation in Battery
Energy Storage Systems, Edition 4, November 12, 2019 (UL 9540A).
FEI Project # 22035 Page 3 01/23/2023 22035-03R (MP2 and MP2XL FPE Report)
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