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LITHIUM FIRE PREVENTION OSU


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Fact Sheet
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH & SAFETY
INTRODUCTION
LITHIUM FIRE PREVENTION
The purpose of this document is to address the importance of preparedness when confronted with a lithium metal or lithium ion battery fire.
ROLES
University community members (staff and students) are responsible for knowing:
 Location of fire extinguishers
 Location of fire alarm pull stations
In the event of a fire alarm or at the direction of EH&S, Security Personnel, or Building Manager, all faculty, staff and students must evacuate their work or study areas and if reasonably able to do so while evacuating, shut down any operation or equipment which might become a hazard if unattended.
Teaching personnel, supervisors, and others who have groups of people under their direction are responsible for ensuring orderly evacuation in the event of a fire or fire alarm.
Anyone who works with lithium ion batteries or with elemental lithium should reference Lithium Battery Safety and Handling Guideline for further information of responsiblilities and procedures.
LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
DESCRIPTION:
Lithium ion batteries are used in a wide array of devices that are used on a daily basis. Some of the most common devices where these batteries are used are cell phones, laptops, tablets, and electric cars. Rechargeable lithium ion cells utilize lithium ions that are interposed into graphite, lithium metal oxides and/or lithium salts. There is no elemental lithium in a lithium ion battery. This means that they are much more stable than non-rechargeable lithium batteries which contain the element lithium. However, lithium ion can still pose a threat if not treated properly.
STORAGE:
Lithium ion battery fire risk can be managed effectively by properly storing the batteries. A few methods of storage to practice are:
 Store batteries at room temperature between 40 and 80 degrees F
 Do not expose battery pack to direct sunlight (heat) for extended periods
 When feasible, do not leave a battery charging unattended in the event that the battery is damaged and can become
unstable, thus overheating.
 Store batteries separately from anything hazardous, such as explosives, combustibles, or any other highly flammable
material.
CAUSES OF FIRE:
 Over-charging (usually with older battery models that lack a power shut off sensor)
 Energetic-type failures (the battery releasing stored energy rapidly creating heat and venting gases that can potentially ignite)
 Improper storage of lithium ion batteries (sunlight exposure, extreme heat)
Contact EHS:
safety@oregonstate.edu oregonstate.edu/ehs/ 541 • 737 • 2273
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Safety Instruction #93 rev. 12/2013

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