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" S504 A METHOD OF STUDYING ELECTRODE POTENTIALS AND POLARIZATION '^ By H. D. Holler ABSTRACT A resistance-coupled electron-tube amplifier was used to operate an oscillo- graph for observing and recording the variations in potential of several elec- trodes without requiring any current from the electrode under investigation. By superposing alternating current upon the electrode it was possible with the use of a separately excited wattmeter to measure the potential due to re- sistance,andcomputetheboundaryresistanceattheelectrode. Thepaperis limited to a description of the method and illustrations of its use in the case of some typical electrodes, including both smooth and platinized platinum, carbon, lead, and copper in sulphuric acid, and copper in a copper sulphate solution. CONTENTS Page I. Introduction 153 II. Description of the amplifier and its use with the oscillograph 157 III. Use of the amplifier in the measurement of the resistance at an electrode IV. Conclusions I. INTRODUCTION In any electrochemical reaction the potential difference between theelectrodeandtheelectrolyteisanimportantfactor. Themeas- urement of electrode potential ^ is, therefore, one of the most common means of studying electrochemical processes. The usual method of determining the potential of an electrode con- sists in measuring the difference in electric potential between the electrode in question and some reference electrode of constant poten- tial, both being in electrolytic contact. With no current flowing, such a measurement with a potentiometer gives the true electro- motive force of the cell and the electrode potential may be expressed in terms of the measured value of the cell, using the potential of the » The results of tlxis investigation were presented at the Ithaca meeting of the Ameri- can Chemical Society in September, 1924. 1 Following common practice in the literature on this subject, the term " potential as used throughout this paper really means a " difference in potential." 13493°—25 153 160 165PDF Image | METHOD OF STUDYING ELECTRODE POTENTIALS POLARIZATION
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